History

How Linda Vista got here

Most neighborhoods grow. This one was built — three thousand homes on empty mesa in 259 days, because a war needed somewhere to put the people making airplanes. Almost everything about Linda Vista follows from that.

1941: the fastest town in America

In 1940 San Diego was making aircraft as fast as it could hire people to do it. Workers were arriving at about fifteen hundred a week for Consolidated, Ryan and Rohr, and the city's population grew by half in two years. There was nowhere for them to live.

Two retired streetcars standing in open scrub on the edge of San
                  Diego, converted into homes, with washing lines and steps built up
                  to their doors.
San Diego, May 1941. Retired streetcars converted into dwellings, renting for twenty-five dollars a month — electricity, running water and a bathroom. This is what the housing shortage looked like three months after work started on Linda Vista, and it is the reason three thousand houses had to go up in 259 days. Photograph by Russell Lee. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection, LC-USF34-039248-D. No known restrictions on publication.

The City had turned down federal housing money in 1939 and 1940. The federal government went ahead anyway: the Lanham Defense Housing Act let Washington build over local objections, and it chose twelve hundred acres of rolling land above Mission Valley. Construction ran from February to November 1941. The first phase — three thousand homes and 750 dormitory units — went up in 259 days. A second phase in 1943 added another 1,845 units. At its wartime peak about sixteen thousand people lived here, in what the San Diego Historical Society called the largest defense housing project in the United States.

One consequence was not planned. Because the housing was federal, it was not governed by the racial covenants that decided who could buy where across most of San Diego at the time. Linda Vista was more mixed from its first week than the city around it — not by anyone's design, but because Washington built it and Washington's rules applied.

1943: the shopping center

A town of sixteen thousand needs somewhere to buy milk. The Linda Vista Shopping Center opened in 1943, designed by the Pasadena architects Karl F. Giberson and Whitney P. Smith, and Eleanor Roosevelt came to dedicate it. It was built on garden-city lines: shops around a landscaped town green, parking pushed out to the perimeter — 261 spaces — and a single scheme of signs and paint across the whole thing. In January 1947 the Southern California chapter of the American Institute of Architects gave it an award.

You will sometimes hear it called the first shopping mall in America. It was not, quite — a center at Broadway and 87th in South Los Angeles beat it by seven years. But it was among the earliest planned suburban shopping centers anywhere in the country, and for thirty years it was the middle of the neighborhood. Most of it was demolished in 1972 and replaced with a strip plaza. People who remember the oak trees on the green have never entirely forgiven that.

1954: the year people bought their houses

The war ended and the houses stayed federal property for nine more years. What happened next is the part worth knowing if you want to understand why there is a town council here at all: residents organized, and pushed to buy the homes themselves rather than watch the whole development sold to commercial owners.

They won. Sales opened on 28 October 1954, at six to seven thousand dollars for a single-family home — five percent down, five percent interest, twenty years. A neighborhood built by federal order became a neighborhood of owners, because the people living in it organized to make that happen.

After 1975: who came next

The University of San Diego opened on the western hill in 1957 and has been part of the landscape ever since. But the larger change came later. From the late 1970s, families arriving from Vietnam after the war settled here in numbers, and after them families from Laos, Cambodia and elsewhere in Southeast Asia — joining Hispanic and Filipino families already long established.

That is the Linda Vista most people recognize now: one of the most genuinely mixed neighborhoods in San Diego, a grocery aisle that reads in four languages, and a street fair every spring that has been running for four decades precisely because there is something worth showing off. Affordable housing built for wartime workers turned out to be affordable housing for everyone who came after.

What is still here to see

  • The street plan. The curving roads and the way the houses sit are 1941 federal design, laid out for walking to a bus that took you to the aircraft plants.
  • The original houses. Small, single-story, close together. The ones that have not been replaced are the same buildings put up in 259 days.
  • Skateworld, at 6907 Linda Vista Road, roller skating since 1975 in a building from the neighborhood's first years.
  • Tecolote Canyon, never built on, which is why Linda Vista has a six-mile trail down one side of it.
One thing worth sitting with Linda Vista exists because a government decided three thousand homes had to be built here, quickly, and built them. Whatever you think about how housing gets built now — and the council is in the middle of that argument — it is worth knowing that the ground you are standing on is the result of exactly that kind of decision.

Where this comes from

Everything above is drawn from the sources below rather than from memory or local retelling. If you find something wrong, tell us and we will fix it and say what changed.

The articles that used to be on this page

For years this page was a list of three links. They are good links, and they are still here.

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